Io's tidal heating
Io does not need an ocean for these tides: Jupiter’s gravity deforms the moon’s solid body. Its slightly eccentric orbit, maintained by resonance with Europa and Ganymede, continually stretches and squeezes Io; internal friction heats its interior and powers intense volcanism. NASA gives a surface deformation of up to about 100 m. [1–3]
Tides deform the solid moon and heat its interior.
