Artificial Radioactivity
Yes. Artificial radioactivity was discovered in the twentieth century by Irène Joliot-Curie and Frédéric Joliot in 1934. They bombarded aluminum with alpha particles and produced radioactive phosphorus, which continued to emit radiation after the bombardment stopped. This showed that radioactive isotopes could be created artificially through nuclear reactions.
The couple received the 1935 Nobel Prize in Chemistry for this work. Artificial radioisotopes later became important in nuclear physics and medicine, including diagnosis and treatment.