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The original estimates—29,000 objects larger than 10 cm, 670,000 measuring 1–10 cm, and 170 million smaller fragments—are outdated. In ESA’s statistics updated on 9 October 2026, its statistical model estimates about 68,450 objects larger than 10 cm (including roughly 11,300 active payloads), 1.5 million debris objects larger than 1 cm and up to 10 cm, and 230 million debris objects larger than 1 mm and up to 1 cm in orbit. These are model-based estimates, not a census of every body: the regularly maintained space-surveillance catalogue contains about 47,010 objects. Counts therefore depend on size threshold, category definitions, and model; most of the smallest particles cannot be routinely tracked.